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| | Vintage | 2009 |  Label 1 of 527 
 | | Type | Red | | Producer | Château Léoville Poyferré (web) | | Variety | Red Bordeaux Blend | | Designation | n/a | | Vineyard | n/a | | Country | France | | Region | Bordeaux | | SubRegion | Médoc | | Appellation | St. Julien | | UPC Code(s) | 000008843050, 000009560055, 087000341951, 3284398002359, 3700188007798, 3760181350031, 3760181350598, 3760181350604, 3760181350888, 3760181351205, 607921018529, 714153123218 |
| Drinking Windows and Values |
| Community Tasting History |
| Community Tasting Notes (average 94.9 pts. and median of 95 pts. in 214 notes) - hiding notes with no text | | | Tasted by Lollipop on 3/3/2024 & rated 94 points: Excellent but still young and will benefit from some more time in the cellar. decanted for an hour and the nose really opened up. Plenty of tobacco, leather and dark fruits. Lighter on its feet than many Poyferre but still has the classic St. Julien fine tannins. A bit crunchy at first but got getter as it opened to show plenty of grace and balance. More fruit forward then I would have expected for this bottle age. (3163 views) | | | Tasted by vvWine.ch on 3/1/2024 & rated 96 points: Leuchtendes, dichtes Rubin. Laktisches und komplexes Bouquet nach dunklen Beeren, Brombeeren, Cassis, dazu heller Tabak und etwas Schokolade. Ungemein dicht und sehr gut strukturiert am Gaumen, hat viel Power und zeigt markantes, aber sehr hochwertiges Holz, alles passt hier gut zusammen. Top-Qualität und grosses Potential! (2583 views) | | | Tasted by Grappa Cellar on 2/18/2024 & rated 93 points: Silky
Suave (3035 views) | | | Tasted by Bottle Dog on 2/17/2024 & rated 95 points: After PnP. Dark red and almost opaque. Nose is somewhat restrained. What is there are secondary notes, damp forest, dried herbs and wild mushrooms. Earthiness comes out on tasting. Tannins have mellowed nicely and but still give some grip to the wine. This still tastes a little young to me, and almost a little sweet.
After 3 hours in decanter in cellar - the aromas are warming up nicely, and are fresher, with coffee and chocolate. The tannins have realized more fully and the wine has become much more expressive and edgy all at the same time. Lots of vectors of sensations, and each one lasting beautifully. A joy. I feel that this 15 year old wine is going to improve/stay the course for decades.
Wait until 2026 at least before opening the next one. (2870 views) | | | Tasted by jmoon on 1/31/2024 & rated 95 points: After an hour or so decant this was absolutely singing. Plush, juicy, almost oily. Prior to decant it was classic, needed the time to blow off the old school notes and reveal plush perfection. Just entering a very nice window. No rush. (3881 views) | | | Tasted by VinVet on 1/21/2024 & rated 94 points: Rich black cherry and cassis with wet earth on the nose. Dark fruit, modest tannins and muted acidity pleasure the palate tapering off gently in the extended finish. Yum!! (3068 views) | | | Tasted by JohannesGlugla on 1/2/2024 & rated 95 points: Nice and lots of red fruits and berries. Lovely complex wit bits of dark chocolate. Overall a notch too sweet for my personal taste to be even more outstanding,
But nevertheless an amazing wine. (3272 views) | | | Tasted by Venezia on 12/27/2023 & rated 93 points: decanted for a few hours. Still very young. will hold on my other bottle for 5+ years. (2890 views) | | | Tasted by Montesquieu on 11/4/2023 & rated 95 points: 100-rated 2009 Bordeaux dinner: Tonight's event featured eight 100-point-professinally-rated (by Parker and/or Dunnuck) 2009 Bordeaux reds plus Yquem. The reds: Montrose, Pontet-Canet, Leoville Poyferre, Ducru-Beaucaillou, Smith Haut Lafitte, Clinet, Clos Fortet, and Troplong Mondot. All were purchased upon release, properly cellared, and decanted 3 hours before consumption over another 2-3 hours. In general, IMO and by consensus, none of the reds drank close to perfection. Did they on release? No idea. Will they in time? No idea. I rated them in a relatively tight band of 93-97 tonight. If I owned them, I'd wait on all and gamble on tertiary development. None had material tertiary flavors now. I would hold and gamble on their getting better with it than without. WOTN was unquestionably the d'Yquem. Unlike the reds, it was immortal and perfect.
This was mid-pack for me and others. Black fruit, tar. Excellent but not great. (4727 views) | | | Tasted by cliffkol on 10/23/2023 & rated 94 points: Coravin - Still young, but with deep flavors and layers. Tannins still spicy, mouth filling. Delicious! Decant an hour or two if drinking now. (4187 views) | | | Tasted by Ohlawuly on 10/22/2023 & rated 94 points: Deep garnet. Edge shows no signs of aging. Just open and wait, no decant.
The wine was closed upon open, and gradually improved in the following 5-6 hours until we finished it. Tertiary aroma started to develop after 4.5 hours aeration. Best at last sip.
Perfumed, flowers, black fruit, chocolate, vanilla, and cigarette on nose. Tannin is resolving. Long finish, but not as impressive as 2010.
I think the wine is in its transforming period. Maybe it is better to have another bottle 3~5 years later.
In previous 12 months, I had tried 2003, 2005, 2009, 2010, 2014, and 2016. For drinking in recent few months, my best to worst would be 2010>2016>2009>2014, 2005>2003. (3623 views) | | | Tasted by luHar1423 on 7/28/2023 & rated 95 points: Still in its infancy, this wine will need some additional rest in your cellar. For those you like a bit more spicy tannins and mouth-filling acidity, you may decant- well better caraffing - this wine and having it breath for 2-3h before you take a sip or two.
A typical and classy Poyferre, not yet unfolding all its pleasure as it is in my view still too young. Re-visit end of this decade and start enjoying it. A shame to drink it now.
Rating will improve and possibly top 97 by end of this decade. (5529 views) | | | Tasted by havana4 🍾🍇 on 7/23/2023 & rated 92 points: My expectations were high because of the initial ratings upon release for this wine and so I purchased a case. Waited until now to finally drink a bottle figuring 14 years would be enough to start showing something.. it wasn’t a bad wine, but it was highly average. Decanted and followed this wine over the course of 6 hours. It has a nice level of acidity and some silky tannins, but the fruit profile of this wine never released at all for the first 4 hours. Hours 4-6 it became a different wine . Starting to exude sharp red fruit profile but no real tertiary characteristics as of yet.
Decant 4+ hours or you will not appreciate this wine. Cannot wait to see what 10 more years does to this. It has the structure. (5076 views) | | | Tasted by Handy1 on 5/28/2023 & rated 92 points: Decanted for about an hour and drank over two. Dark fruit tasted past prime with no tannins and low acidity. Maybe bad bottle? Blind would never have been able to guess was a bordeaux. Suffered also being open with insignia 95 and Solaia 2015 (5020 views) | | | Tasted by TexasBob on 5/25/2023 & rated 93 points: Delicious rainbow of confectionary berries on the nose. Lovely mixed berry notes dominate . (4441 views) | | | Tasted by 2MLW on 5/21/2023 & rated 93 points: My first bottle of this wine… given other’s notes , I planned on 3hr decant.
Upon opening, this wine was locked up tighter than Fort Knox! It gave nothing whatsoever - no nose and no flavor. A sip every hour didn’t give much encouragement. I postponed filet mignon dinner and put some more charcoal on the grill.
At 4hrs things began to open up. A nose of black fruits was lightly evident. Flavors were coming alive, including a hint of mint. Tannin is fairly significant.
This is not my favorite wine, but it became quite good. I have five more bottles, and I will plan on a 4+ hr decant in the future. Don’t even think of drinking without a significant decant. (4704 views) | | | Tasted by jmoon on 5/5/2023 & rated 94 points: Slow ox 3 hours; small pour (sip) and left in bottle. Packed with energy, density, and dark fruit, this beauty has real power still. Only beginning to uncoil. I’d suspect peak is 10 years away, but worth drinking now for sure, just a long decant would help. It amazes me how these wines were so energetic in their youth, put on weight, found their power, and then refuse to give much up, only reveal snippets. Life imitates art. (4202 views) | | | Tasted by Collector1855 on 4/4/2023 & rated 98 points: Dense, fruity, generous dark fruit with spices, underbrush. This drinks almost as a Napa CabSav from the density and the fruit generosity but it remains fresh and Bordeauesque nevertheless. Best after 2029 (5210 views) | | | Tasted by skifree on 3/7/2023 & rated 95 points: Very opulent for a Bdx, but oh so beautiful. So much black fruit and anise that jumps out of the glass. (5146 views) | | | Tasted by @robin on 1/19/2023 & rated 98 points: [2009] Excellent vintage! Medium purple in colour, surprisingly still so youthful looking.
Pronounced nose of black and red fruits, cassis, oak, coconut, vanilla, leather, cigar box and earth. Developing.
Dry, Medium Acid, Medium Tannin, Medium- Acid, High Alcohol. Full bodied, medium+ flavour intensity, intense long finish. Excellent with potential to age much further.
CNY lunch@Wah Lok Carlton Hotel (5788 views) | | | Tasted by Hazeo on 1/11/2023 & rated 94 points: Very concentrated and intense, much more so than any Leoville Poyferre I’ve had before. An fruit-driven wine with a nice Bordeaux backbone, inky red with a tinge of purple.
No doubt well made with its velvety fine tannins, but for me it is a bit over the top. (90)
With a few hours of air in the glass the overt ripeness toned down and improved significantly. Hopefully with time the fruit will mellow down further and reveal the underlying elements which are currently a little obscured. (5492 views) | | | Tasted by dhwesley on 1/1/2023 & rated 96 points: Opaque and inky purplish red, its nose is decisively floral, warm, with hints of tobacco, wood, roast meat. Straight from the bottle fine tannins predominate followed by acid and fruit. It was tasted occasionally but really started opening up at the 3.5h mark. By 4.5 it has become quite savory, secondary, excellent balance. Tannins are subtle, but definitely present. It is a delicious wine - hard to put down my glass without taking another sip. But if you open it now, just be sure to give it a lot of air to let it develop fully... (5228 views) | | | Tasted by JohannesGlugla on 10/16/2022 & rated 96 points: Very structured Wine, loads of berries and dark cherry. But also more earthy flavors like coal. Everything is held together by increadibly silky tannins. Amazing wine (3170 views) | | | Tasted by zimmy07 on 10/9/2022 & rated 94 points: I cannnot outline this better than Jeff Leve's last note. I decanted for 3 hours and it needed more, with 6 hours this will come to life. It started clsed down, palate was pure but nose tight. about 40 minutes in the glass(after 3 hour decant) and it was coming around... Very polished and rich. a really good wine, but I think the 2010 I had a few months ago outshined this easy. This needs more years for sure, but if debating this or 2010, I would go 2010. (6315 views) | | | Tasted by Michael Hung on 10/8/2022: [Wine and Chill at Jordan's]
Unless this was a flawed bottle, this either needed more time or a lot more air. Slow decant for 1.5 hours in the bottle, but this never opened up and stayed muted on the palate. What a shame! The two 2010s that I've had have been much better. (5070 views) | | | Only displaying the 25 most recent notes - click to see all notes for this wine... |
| By Jancis Robinson, MW
JancisRobinson.com (10/5/2023)
(Ch Léoville Poyferré St-Julien Red) Subscribe to see review text. | By Antonio Galloni
Vinous, Vinous Table: Private Dinner at Wheeler Farms, Saint Helena, CA (Feb 2023) (2/1/2023)
(Léoville-Poyferré Léoville-Poyferré Red) Subscribe to see review text. | By Julia Harding, MW
JancisRobinson.com (3/8/2021)
(Ch Léoville Poyferré St-Julien Red) Subscribe to see review text. | By Jancis Robinson, MW
JancisRobinson.com (3/1/2021)
(Ch Léoville Poyferré St-Julien Red) Subscribe to see review text. | By James Suckling
JamesSuckling.com (2/23/2021)
(Château Léoville Poyferré St.-Julien, Red, France) Subscribe to see review text. | By Neal Martin
Vinous, A Test Of Greatness: 2009 Bordeaux Ten Years On (March 2019) (3/1/2019)
(Léoville-poyferré Léoville-poyferré Red) Subscribe to see review text. | By Neal Martin
Vinous, A Test Of Greatness: 2009 Bordeaux Ten Years On (March 2019) (3/1/2019)
(Léoville-poyferré Léoville-poyferré Red) Subscribe to see review text. | By Jancis Robinson, MW
JancisRobinson.com (2/14/2019)
(Ch Léoville Poyferré St-Julien Red) Subscribe to see review text. | By Jane Anson
Decanter, Bordeaux 2009 10 years on (2/7/2019)
(Château Léoville Poyferré, St-Julien, Red) Subscribe to see review text. | By James Suckling
JamesSuckling.com (2/7/2019)
(Château Léoville Poyferré St.-Julien, France) Subscribe to see review text. | By Jancis Robinson, MW
JancisRobinson.com (2/7/2019)
(Ch Léoville Poyferré St-Julien Red) Subscribe to see review text. | By Jane Anson
Decanter, JA Château Léoville Poyferré vertical 2018 (6/13/2018)
(Château Léoville Poyferré, St-Julien, Red) Subscribe to see review text. | By Richard Hemming, MW
JancisRobinson.com (5/15/2018)
(Ch Léoville Poyferré St-Julien Red) Subscribe to see review text. | By Jeb Dunnuck
JebDunnuck.com, Up From The Cellar #2 and Misc New Releases (2/15/2018)
(Leoville Poyferre) Login and sign up and see review text. | By Chris Kissack
Winedoctor, November 2013 (11/1/2013)
(Château Léoville-Poyferré St Julien Red) Subscribe to see review text. | By Jancis Robinson, MW
JancisRobinson.com (3/28/2013)
(Ch Léoville Poyferré St-Julien Red) Subscribe to see review text. | By Jancis Robinson, MW
JancisRobinson.com (1/17/2013)
(Ch Léoville Poyferré St-Julien Red) Subscribe to see review text. | By Jancis Robinson, MW
JancisRobinson.com (11/8/2011)
(Ch Léoville Poyferré St-Julien Red) Subscribe to see review text. | By Jancis Robinson, MW
JancisRobinson.com (10/18/2011)
(Ch Léoville Poyferré St-Julien Red) Subscribe to see review text. | By Chris Kissack
Winedoctor, October 2011
(Château Léoville-Poyferré (St Julien)) Subscribe to see review text. | By Chris Kissack
Winedoctor, October 2011
(Château Léoville-Poyferré St Julien Red) Subscribe to see review text. | By Jancis Robinson, MW
JancisRobinson.com (5/4/2011)
(Ch Léoville Poyferré St-Julien Red) Subscribe to see review text. | The World of Fine Wine, June 2010, Issue #28
(Château Léoville Poyferré 2ème Cru) Login and sign up and see review text. | By Ian D'Agata
Vinous, May/June 2010, IWC Issue #150
(Chateau Leoville Poyferre Saint Julien) Subscribe to see review text. | By Jancis Robinson, MW
JancisRobinson.com (4/1/2010)
(Ch Léoville Poyferré St-Julien Red) Subscribe to see review text. | By John Gilman
View From the Cellar, Mar/Apr 2010, Issue #26, The 2009 Bordeaux Vintage- Futures’ Glory?
(Château Leoville Poyferré) Login and sign up and see review text. | By Chris Kissack
Winedoctor, March 2010
(Chateau Léoville-Poyferré St Julien) Subscribe to see review text. | By Chris Kissack
Winedoctor, March 2010
(Château Léoville-Poyferré St Julien Red) Subscribe to see review text. | By Panel Tasting
Decanter
(Château Léoville Poyferré, St-Julien, Red) Subscribe to see review text. | By Neal Martin
Vinous, Léoville-Poyferré 1936-2018 (Sep 2022)
(Léoville-Poyferré Léoville-Poyferré Red) Subscribe to see review text. | By Richard Jennings
RJonWine.com (1/21/2012)
(Château Léoville Poyferré) Dark red violet color; focused, tart cassis, currant, pencil lead nose; tight, pencil lead, tart currant, tart cassis palate; needs 2-3 years; medium-plus finish 92+ points (60% Cabernet Sauvignon, 29% Merlot, 6% Petit Verdot, 5% Cabernet Franc) 92 points |
NOTE: Scores and reviews are the property of JancisRobinson.com and Vinous and JamesSuckling.com and Decanter and JebDunnuck.com and Winedoctor and The World of Fine Wine and View From the Cellar and RJonWine.com. (manage subscription channels) |
| Château Léoville Poyferré Producer website - Read more about Chateau Leoville Poyferre
A visit to Leoville Poyferre -https://unwindwine.blogspot.com/2019/08/chateau-leoville-poyferre.html
Source: VinConnect (VinConnect.com)
Léoville, dating back to 1638, was the largest vineyard in the Médoc region. Jean de Moytié, Counselor of the Bordeaux Parliament and nobleman, owned a beautiful gravel slope of vineyard near the Garonne River. At the time it was named after its owner, Mont-Moytié.
In 1740, Jean de Moytié’s great granddaughter married Alexander de Gascq, whose family owned what is now Château Palmer. With great ambition, Alexander began imposing his style by changing the name from Mont-Moytié to Léoville (Lionville). His aim was to make Léoville a model estate and the reference point for the best Médoc wine. He invested and innovated, planting smaller grape varieties, bordering the rows with pinewood, renovating the cellar and aging the free-run wine in barrels. After Alexander’s death and 35 years of expansion and planting, Léoville in Saint-Julien was the largest property in the Médoc, stretching over 300 acres.
One hundred years and numerous transactions later, Léoville Poyferré was born. Although the property was by then much smaller, its outstanding wines gained early recognition and the property was ranked 2nd Growth in the 1855 Classification. In 1920, Paul and Albert Cuvelier, at the time well-known Bordeaux wine brokers, decided to invest in Médoc vineyards and acquired Château Léoville Poyferré.
The Cuvelier Family had previously purchased Château Le Crock in 1903, at the time a classified First Cru Bourgeois Supérieur of Saint-Estèphe. Château Le Crock is surrounded by the Classified Growths Château Cos d’Estournel and Château Montrose, and has a magnificent park, vast meadows and an island. Later the family added Château Moulin Riche, a classified Cru Bourgeois Exceptionnel, in 1932.
This portfolio of Bordeaux properties continues to be managed by the Cuvelier Family. Didier Cuvelier runs the Château Léoville Poyferré since 1979 and Olivier Cuvelier manages the wine merchant company H.Cuvelier & Fils since 1985. Château Léoville Poyferré, Château Moulin Riche and Château Le Crock all benefit from the same attention by the technical and winemaking team of Château Léoville Poyferré.
Only the best grapes make it into the Grand Vin Léoville Poyferré — fruit from the youngest vines becomes the Pavillon de Léoville Poyferré, while Château Moulin Riche is vinified out of a 20-hectare separate plot which is situated next to Château Talbot.
Since Didier Cuvelier took over the Chateau, the family has invested time and resources in qualitative measures to restructure and improve winemaking techniques and technology. Supported by consultant Michel Rolland since 1994, they have rediscovered the chateau’s admired classical style, characterized by rich tannins, finesse and unrivaled silky texture. The Léoville-Poyferré Grand vin is a wine that benefits immeasurably from ageing; it can be approached after 12 to 15 years, but it will age gracefully for 40 years, in some cases even longer.
With the epic 1982 vintage, Léoville-Poyferré recaptured the magic of the late 19th century, and its resurgence culminated with the 2009 vintage when it received the highly-coveted and rare 100-point score from Robert Parker.Red Bordeaux BlendRed Bordeaux is generally made from a blend of grapes. Permitted grapes are Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Petit Verdot, Malbec and rarely Carménère.Today Carménère is rarely used, with Château Clerc Milon, a fifth growth Bordeaux, being one of the few to still retain Carménère vines. As of July 2019, Bordeaux wineries authorized the use of four new red grapes to combat temperature increases in Bordeaux. These newly approved grapes are Marselan, Touriga Nacional, Castets, and Arinarnoa.
Wineries all over the world aspire to making wines in a Bordeaux style. In 1988, a group of American vintners formed The Meritage Association to identify wines made in this way. Although most Meritage wines come from California, there are members of the Meritage Association in 18 states and five other countries, including Argentina, Australia, Canada, Israel, and Mexico.France Vins de France (Office National Interprofessionnel des Vins ) | Pages Vins, Directory of French Winegrowers | French Wine (Wikipedia)
Wine Scholar Guild vintage ratings
2018 vintage: "marked by a wet spring, a superb summer and a good harvest"
2019 vintage reports
2021: "From a general standpoint, whether for white, rosé or red wines, 2021 is a year marked by quality in the Rhône Valley Vineyards. Structured, elegant, fresh and fruity will be the main keywords for this new vintage."
2022 harvest: idealwine.info | wine-searcher.comBordeaux Bordeaux Wine Guide
Vins Bordeaux (Conseil Interprofessionnel du Vin de Bordeaux)
History of Bordeaux
History of 1855 Bordeaux Classification
"2009 is all about ripeness, with wines impressively packed with ripe fruit and high alcohol levels. They are showy, in-your-face, and full of pleasure. The 2010s have the fruit and alcohol levels of the 2009s, but with a compelling freshness on the finish that balances the fruit and provides a perfect sense of structure." - Ben Nelson
"2016 is a landmark vintage in certain spots of Bordeaux and it should be remembered as one of the most inspired campaigns of the last 40-50+ years." -Jon Rimmerman
"The quality of red Bordeaux in 2016 was universally lauded – although the response to the en primeur campaign was muted. Quantity was high too, with the equivalent of 770 million bottles of wine produced. An exceptionally dry summer with cool nights eventually, thanks to mid September rain, resulted in small, thick-skinned, ripe grapes, and the wines are marked by high tannin and acidity, with superb aromatic fragrance." - Jancis Robinson
"2017 was complicated, but there are some excellent wines. Expect plenty of freshness and drinkability from wines that will offer excellent value, and others that will rival 2016 in terms of ripeness and ageability. But they are likely to be the exception not the rule, making careful selection key." - Jane Anson
"In the past, a vintage such as 2022 may have been overripe, raisined and low in acidity but 2022 had a sneaky little reservoir in its back pocket - a near perfect marriage of cool/cold/rain the previous winter and the previous vintage that literally soaked the soils (a key to why 2022 is not 2003...or 1893)." - Jon RimmermanMédoc Vins du Médoc (Conseil des Vins du Médoc) - Read More about the Medoc
VdB
The eight precisely defined appellations of the whole of the Médoc (from Blanquefort Brook to the north of the Bordeaux built-up area, almost to the Pointe de Grave) may claim the Médoc appellation. But there is also a specific territory in the north of the peninsula which produces exclusively wines with this appellation. In the great majority, the Médocs come from the north of the peninsula. The great individuality of this region is that the number of vines has increased more recently here than elsewhere, apart from a few isolated spots where vines have grown for many years. Today, the size of the small estate has brought about the development of a powerful co-operative movement. Four co-operatives out of five belong to the group called Unimédoc which ensures aging, bottling and marketing a large proportion of their wines.St. Julien VdB
Read more detailed information on St. Julien and its wines The seventeenth century pioneers Traces are to be found of a Saint-Julien de Rintrac, perhaps Saint-Julien's earliest name, as from the thirteenth century. But we have to wait until the seventeenth century pioneers, urban and rural aristocrats, discover the exceptional merits of these terroirs.
Traces of this system still exist today in the structure of estates within the appellation: by the side of the two villages of Beychevelle and Saint-Julien, the large estates are heavily preponderant, representing more than four fifths of the total surface of vineyards.
The terrain is practically identical over all the commune. Only the proximity of the estuary, sometimes close, sometimes further away, can cause slight variations in climate. In fact, Saint-Julien-Beychevelle's layer of gravel takes the form of a huge rectangle over 3 miles long and 2 miles wide. And the alluvial deposits are particularly well fragmented into ridges of Garonne gravel of the early Quaternary. Accordingly, the vines are safeguarded from stagnant water.
The wines from the Saint-Julien appellation may be recognized by their unparalleled bouquet, particularly harmonious and mild. They have a fine deep colour and combine the finesse of their aromas and a solid constitution. They have body, are very rich in flavour and have a delicious and delicate bouquet.
Production conditions (Decree dated November 14, 1936)
In order to have the right to the Saint-Julien appellation of controlled origin, red wines must:
- come from the commune of Saint-Julien and from precisely defined parcels in the communes of Cussac, and Saint-Laurent, "excluding the parcels situated on recent alluvium and sand on impermeable subsoils",
- satisfy precise production conditions: grape-varieties (Cabernet-Sauvignon, Cabernet-Franc, Carmenère, Merlot Noir, Petit Verdot, Cot or Malbec), minimum of sugar (178 grammes - 6.27 oz. - per litre of must) degree (an acquired 10°5) base yield (45 hectolitres per hectare). |
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