Chambertin is an Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) and Grand Cru vineyard for red wine in the Côte de Nuits subregion of Burgundy, with Pinot noir as the main grape variety.

Chambertin wine has an aroma of strawberry, violet, mulberry, rose, and mignonette. In general, Chambertin Pinot Noir wines have a bright ruby colour that turns deep carmine with age. A wine tasting of these full-bodied wines will show a firm structure, velvety tannin, and a meaty texture.

Ruchottes-Chambertin is the steepest of Gevrey's Grand Cru vineyards. Rousseau's 1.1 ha plot is called the Clos des Ruchottes, and is labeled as a monopole. Origin of Name: "Ruchottes" may be derived from rochers, or "rocks"; others suggest that bees were once kept here, from ruche ("hive").

In 1219 it passed to the canons of Langres, who retained ownership until the French Revolution (1789). The name Chambertin has been used since the 13th century and once shared imperial approval with Clos de Bèze - Napoleon would drink nothing else. Its boundaries have not changed since the Middle Ages.